As the summer temperatures rise, the risk of heatstroke in pets increases significantly. Heatstroke is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that every pet owner should be aware of. As veterinarians, it's our duty to educate pet owners on how to keep their furry friends safe and cool during the hot months. Here are some key points and advice you can share with pet owners to help prevent heatstroke in pets.

Understanding Heatstroke in Pets

Heatstroke occurs when a pet's body temperature rises to a dangerous level, usually above 39.2°C (102.5°F), due to excessive heat exposure. Unlike humans, pets cannot sweat to cool down; they primarily rely on panting and, to a lesser extent, on sweat glands in their paws. When these mechanisms are overwhelmed, heatstroke can set in quickly.

Symptoms of Heatstroke

Educate pet owners to recognise the signs of heatstroke in their pets. These can include:

• Excessive panting or difficulty breathing

• Drooling

• Lethargy, weakness, or collapsing

• Increased heart rate

• Vomiting or diarrhoea

• Bright red gums or tongue

• Dizziness or lack of coordination

• Seizures

Preventative Measures

1. Provide Ample Water and Shade: Always ensure that pets have access to fresh, cool water and shaded areas. Pets can become dehydrated very quickly in hot weather, so having multiple water sources is crucial.

2. Avoid Peak Heat Hours: Advise owners to walk their dogs early in the morning or late in the evening when temperatures are cooler. Pavements and sand can become extremely hot during the day and can burn pets' paws.

3. Never Leave Pets in Cars: Remind owners that leaving pets in cars, even for a few minutes, can be deadly. The temperature inside a parked car can soar to dangerous levels rapidly, even with windows slightly open.

4. Use Cooling Products: Encourage the use of cooling mats, vests, or collars, which can help keep pets’ body temperature down. These products are especially useful for pets that have to be outdoors for any length of time.

5. Grooming: For long-haired breeds, regular grooming can help to reduce the risk of overheating. However, avoid shaving the coat down to the skin as it can expose pets to sunburn.

6. Exercise Caution with Exercise: Advise owners to limit vigorous exercise during hot weather. For pets that are particularly active, shorter and more frequent play sessions in cooler times of the day are recommended.

7. Watch Out for High-Risk Pets: Pets that are elderly, overweight, have a flat face (brachycephalic breeds like Bulldogs and Pugs), or have a history of heart or respiratory diseases are at a higher risk of heatstroke. Owners should take extra precautions with these pets.

Immediate Actions if Heatstroke is Suspected

1. Move to a Cooler Area: If a pet shows signs of heatstroke, move them to a cool, shaded area immediately.

2. Cool Down: Use cool (not cold) water to wet the pet. You can use a hose, wet towels, or place the pet in a cool bath. Avoid using ice or very cold water as this can cause shock.

3. Hydrate: Offer small amounts of cool water to drink, but do not force it. If the pet cannot drink, do not attempt to give water.

4. Seek Veterinary Care: Contact a veterinarian immediately. Heatstroke is a medical emergency, and the pet will need professional care as soon as possible.

Conclusion

By sharing these essential strategies with pet owners, veterinarians can help prevent heatstroke and ensure a safe and enjoyable summer for pets. Education is key – the more pet owners know about the risks and prevention of heatstroke, the better equipped they will be to protect their furry companions. Let's work together to keep pets cool and safe this summer.